10 Japanese Dog Breeds Everyone Loves
Dog breeds deeply rooted in Japan’s unique climate and culture boast a rich history. These dogs have held a significant place in the lives of the Japanese people. Here, we’ll introduce ten breeds that embody Japan’s distinct background and characteristics. Dive deep into the charm and history of each breed and discover how they harmoniously integrate into Japanese living.
Shiba Inu
| Category | Shiba Inu |
| Group | Non-Sporting |
| Height | 13.5-16.5 inches |
| Weight | 17-23 lbs (male), 15-20 lbs (female) |
| Coat Color | Red, Black and Tan, Sesame, Cream |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Active, Good-natured |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $3,500 |
The Shiba Inu, with its captivating fox-like face and varied coat colors, including red, black, and sesame, possesses a distinct charm. Its refined features and a character both loyal and fiercely independent have deeply resonated with the Japanese spirit.
Walking side by side with Japan’s history, the Shiba Inu has seamlessly blended with the nation’s landscape, culture, and values. Its proud yet modest demeanor, reminiscent of samurais and warriors of old, often mirrors the Japanese principles of harmony (‘wa’) and the beauty found in simplicity and austerity (‘wabi-sabi’).
While the Shiba Inu’s allure is gaining recognition internationally, the adoration it receives domestically is unparalleled. The scenes of families spending time with their Shiba Inu, whether in urban settings or amidst nature, vividly embody Japan’s traditional lifestyle and values.
It’s this historical and cultural backdrop that sustains the Shiba Inu’s unwavering popularity in Japan.
Shikoku
| Category | Shikoku Inu |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Spitz and Primitive types (FCI) |
| Height | 17-21 inches (male), 16-19 inches (female) |
| Weight | 35-55 lbs |
| Coat Color | Sesame, Red, Black and Tan |
| Average Lifespan | 10-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Intelligent, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $2,000 – $4,000 (varies widely based on breeder and lineage) |
The Shikoku dog, native to the Shikoku region of Japan, is renowned for its vibrant movements and wild aura. Its robust physique, pricked ears, unique tail, and expressive features hint at the raw wilderness and independence required to thrive in Shikoku’s rugged natural environment.
Historically, the Shikoku dog has coexisted with people in mountainous regions, serving as hunters and guardians. Their presence, racing through Shikoku’s challenging mountain terrains, symbolizes a harmonious relationship with Japan’s stunning nature and deeply intertwines with the lives of the locals. The dog’s strength and resilience, combined with Shikoku’s nature, history, and culture, have sculpted their image in the Japanese psyche as a “reliable partner.”
In recent years, the urban adoption of the Shikoku dog is on the rise, leading to a renewed appreciation of its historical significance and unique allure. The spirited stance and distinctive presence of the Shikoku dog continue to convey Japan’s traditional values and reverence for nature.
The rich history, cultural significance, and deep ties to the Shikoku region solidify this breed’s special place in Japan’s heart.
Hokkaido Inu
| Category | Hokkaido Inu |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Spitz and Primitive types (FCI) |
| Height | 18-20 inches (male), 17-19 inches (female) |
| Weight | 44-66 lbs (male), 37-55 lbs (female) |
| Coat Color | White, Black, Brindle, Red, Black and Tan, Sesame |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Loyal, Independent |
| Price (in the US) | $1,500 – $3,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Hokkaido dog, originating from the scenic island of Hokkaido in Japan, was bred to endure the harsh, cold environment. Over the years, these dogs have supported their owners in hunting and daily life. Distinct features of this breed include a thick, voluminous coat, upright ears, and a robust tail. Their coat colors vary, ranging from sesame to black, red, and white, making them stand out beautifully against the snow.
Historically, the Hokkaido dog has deep ties with the indigenous Ainu people, serving as invaluable hunting partners. This relationship cultivated in them a heightened hunting instinct and an unwavering loyalty to their owners.
Character-wise, Hokkaido dogs possess a strong independent streak and take pride in their heritage. However, they remain exceptionally loyal to their loving families and owners. With the right training and communication, they can thrive as ideal family pets. Their unique charm and affectionate nature mean they’re likely to be embraced as cherished family members in American homes too.
Kishu Inu
| Category | Kishu Inu |
| Group | Spitz and Primitive types (FCI) |
| Height | 19-22 inches (male), 17-20 inches (female) |
| Weight | 30-60 lbs |
| Coat Color | White, Brindle, Red, Black and Tan, Sesame |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Calm, Reserved, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $2,000 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Kishu Ken hails from the Kii Peninsula, particularly around Wakayama Prefecture in Japan, and has been treasured in this region for centuries. Bred for hunting in the rugged mountainous terrains of the area, they possess a sturdy and robust physique. Their short coat comes in a variety of shades, including black, red, and brindle.
Historically trusted as partners for hunting boar and deer in the mountains of the Kii Peninsula, the Kishu Ken is a breed imbued with a sharp hunting instinct, coupled with a profound loyalty to their family.
In terms of temperament, Kishu Kens are composed, steadfast, and courageous. However, they also tend to be wary and approach unfamiliar people or settings with caution. Yet, with their owners and families, they exhibit deep affection, making it crucial to establish a foundation of trust with them.
While they may not be widely recognized in the U.S. yet, the reliability and affectionate nature of the Kishu Ken suggest that they have all the makings of an excellent family dog, even in new environments.
Japanese Spitz
| Category | Japanese Spitz |
| Group | Non-Sporting (some kennel clubs), Companion dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 12-15 inches |
| Weight | 11-20 lbs |
| Coat Color | White |
| Average Lifespan | 10-16 years |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Alert, Playful |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Japanese Spitz, as its name suggests, is a breed that evolved in Japan and has won the hearts of many with its fluffy white coat and endearing expression. Typically classified as a medium-sized dog, it’s recognized by its well-proportioned build and the distinct curl of its tail.
It’s believed that the origins of this breed can be traced back to the early 20th century when white Spitz-type dogs imported from America and Canada were crossbred with native Japanese breeds. The Japanese Spitz subsequently underwent unique refinements within Japan, leading to the breed as we recognize it today.
In terms of temperament, the Japanese Spitz is renowned for its bright and sociable nature. They deeply cherish their families, often forming especially close bonds with children. Moreover, they are intelligent and eager learners, making them relatively straightforward to train. On the flip side, their stunning white coat requires regular grooming and care.
In the U.S., their charm and loyal disposition are gaining them increasing popularity as pets. Whether in an active household or an apartment setting, the Japanese Spitz proves to be a delightful companion.
Tosa
| Category | Tosa |
| Group | Working (AKC, not fully recognized), Molossoid breeds (FCI) |
| Height | 24.5 inches and up |
| Weight | 100-200 lbs |
| Coat Color | Brindle, Fawn, Red, Black |
| Average Lifespan | 10-12 years |
| Temperament | Courageous, Reserved, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $2,000 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Tosa Inu, hailing from Kochi Prefecture on Shikoku Island, is one of Japan’s traditional large dog breeds. Its robust physique and imposing presence speak to its history in hunting and dog fighting arenas. The breed boasts a muscular build, a prominent head, and a thick, short tail. Their coat can be found in shades of red, black, and brindle.
The lineage of the Tosa Inu is a fusion of ancient Japanese breeds with Western dogs. Specifically, during the 18th and 19th centuries, it was crossbred with breeds such as the Mastiff and Bulldog, resulting in the stately and powerful dog we recognize today.
In terms of temperament, the Tosa Inu is renowned for its bravery and reliability. While deeply loyal to their owners, they possess a strong independent streak and can be wary of other dogs or unfamiliar people. Because of this, early socialization and training are paramount.
While perhaps not widely recognized in the U.S. yet, the Tosa Inu’s strength and fidelity are gradually drawing attention among dog enthusiasts.
Kai Ken
| Category | Kai Ken |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC Foundation Stock Service), Spitz and Primitive types (FCI) |
| Height | 17-22 inches |
| Weight | 30-40 lbs |
| Coat Color | Brindle (black, red, or silver) |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Intelligent, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $1,500 – $3,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Kai Ken, originating from the Kai region of Yamanashi Prefecture, is a traditional Japanese breed. While classified as a medium-sized dog, they possess a sturdy build and strength, having adapted to life in the rugged mountain terrains. Distinct features include their short coat, upright ears, and curled tail. But perhaps most notably, they’re recognized by their unique brindle markings, which can be considered the hallmark of the Kai Ken.
Historically, the Kai Ken has been a trusted hunting companion for many generations. Their agility and strength make them particularly suited for hunting wild boar and deer in the mountainous regions, earning them high praise over the years.
In terms of temperament, the Kai Ken exudes profound loyalty. They’re affectionate toward their owners and families, yet they also exhibit a strong sense of independence. Additionally, they tend to be cautious, often adopting a wary stance around strangers or unfamiliar dogs. Consequently, comprehensive socialization and training from a young age are essential.
In the U.S., the Kai Ken is garnering attention among dog enthusiasts, particularly for its unique brindle patterns and faithful nature.
Japanese Chin
| Category | Japanese Chin |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 8-11 inches |
| Weight | 3-7 lbs |
| Coat Color | White with black or red markings |
| Average Lifespan | 10-14 years |
| Temperament | Elegant, Alert, Loving |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Japanese Chin, a traditional small breed from Japan, has captivated many with its lustrous, silky coat and endearing appearance. Characterized by its long flowing straight fur, erect ears, and short upward-curled tail, its coat predominantly features a white base with black or red markings.
Historically, the Chin dates back to the Heian period, where it graced the homes of Japanese nobility. Over time, it continued to be cherished among the elite, earning it the title of “Imperial Dog.”
In terms of temperament, the Japanese Chin is exceptionally intelligent and brimming with curiosity. They’re sociable, affectionate, and show deep love towards their owners and families. Yet, they can sometimes exhibit a whimsical or even stubborn streak. Given their petite size, they are well-suited for indoor living. When treated with proper care and affection, they truly shine as the perfect companion.
In the U.S., their elegant demeanor and lovable nature have driven a surge in their popularity as pets. They’re especially fitting for urban environments like apartments, making them an ideal choice for modern city living.
Japanese terrier
| Category | Japanese Terrier |
| Group | Terrier (not fully recognized by all major kennel clubs) |
| Height | 8-13 inches |
| Weight | 5-9 lbs |
| Coat Color | White body with black or tan markings on head |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Active, Cheerful, Friendly |
| Price (in the US) | Varies (less commonly found outside Japan, which can affect price) |
The Japanese Terrier has its roots in Japan’s bustling port towns. In the early 19th century, as trade ships from countries like the Netherlands and Portugal anchored in ports like Nagasaki and Kobe, they brought with them various foreign dogs. From the intermingling of these foreign breeds with local Japanese dogs, the Japanese Terrier was born.
Distinctive features of this breed include its sleek short coat, predominantly white with contrasting black or tan markings on the head and ears. Beneath their compact frame lies a robust musculature, and their vivacious and spirited movements are truly captivating.
In terms of temperament, they are remarkably cheerful and sociable. Japanese Terriers have a deep affection for their families and particularly relish playing with children. Their intelligence and aptitude for learning make training sessions a delightful endeavor, all while exuding the typical terrier curiosity and zest for life.
While they might not be widely recognized in the U.S. yet, the Japanese Terrier’s charming appearance and bright personality hold undeniable appeal as pets. Especially suitable for apartments and urban living, they’re gradually gaining popularity as a breed that offers a taste of Japanese culture.
Akita Inu
| Category | Akita Inu |
| Group | Working (AKC), Spitz and Primitive types (FCI) |
| Height | 24-28 inches (male), 22-26 inches (female) |
| Weight | 100-130 lbs (male), 70-100 lbs (female) |
| Coat Color | White, Brindle, Sesame, Red Fawn, Pinto |
| Average Lifespan | 10-15 years |
| Temperament | Loyal, Dignified, Reserved |
| Price (in the US) | $1,500 – $4,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Akita is one of the most renowned large dog breeds from Japan, with a storied history that traces back over 2000 years. Originally bred primarily in Akita Prefecture for hunting bears and deer, its presence has long been felt.
It boasts a majestic build: muscular and robust. Its short double coat not only adds to its appeal but also provides essential protection against the harsh winter cold. Common coat colors range from white to red and brindle, and there’s an undeniable sense of nostalgia in the dignified expression on its face.
The Akita’s temperament is marked by loyalty, courage, and poise. While they might sometimes exude a strong sense of independence, their affection for their owners and families runs deep. Proper training and socialization are vital, but with their patience and understanding, they continuously stand as steadfast guardians for their families.
In the U.S., the Akita became renowned through the touching tale of “Hachiko”, the loyal dog. With its beauty and character, it has won the hearts of many dog enthusiasts. Though this breed requires space, which can be a challenge in urban settings, with adequate exercise and care, the Akita will undoubtedly be a cherished companion.
Breeds to Avoid
Japanese dog breeds have evolved to adapt to the country’s unique climatic and geographical conditions. For instance, the Akita dog, originating from Akita Prefecture, is distinguished by its double coat, specifically evolved to withstand severe cold. This makes it potentially unsuited for the sweltering summers found in the southern and central regions of the US. When in such climates, it’s advisable to use air conditioning and limit their outings to cooler times of the day.
The Shiba Inu, with its history of inhabiting mountainous regions, is versatile and can adapt to various weather conditions. However, extra care should be taken in regions with high humidity or extreme heat. It’s crucial to provide them with clean water at all times and ensure a cool resting place.
Additionally, the Kishu dog, native to the mountainous regions of Wakayama Prefecture, is well-adapted to fluctuating weather conditions. Still, one must be cautious when raising them in the arid regions of the US or areas with extreme weather patterns.
Considering the diverse climates in the US, if you’re thinking of adopting a Japanese dog breed, it’s essential to thoroughly understand their characteristics and care requirements. This ensures both the dog and the owner can coexist in a comfortable environment.
Popular Japanese Dog Names and Meanings
Maron: A name reminiscent of sweet desserts or chestnut color, often chosen for medium to small-sized dogs.
Shiro: Meaning “white,” this name suits dogs with a white coat or those exuding purity and a clean appearance.
Kotarou: Here, “Kota” is a prefix denoting cuteness, while “rou” is a commonly used ending for boy names.
Moko: A favorite for dogs with fluffy coats or an adorable appearance.
Leo: Ideal for dogs that have a majestic presence, akin to a lion, or for those bursting with energy.
Sakura: Named after the cherry blossom, it embodies Japan’s iconic beauty.
Hana: Means “flower” and is a widely beloved name.
Yuki: Inspired by the word for “snow,” it evokes a sense of purity and innocence.
Mirai: Meaning “future,” it’s often chosen with hopes and expectations for the days ahead.
Rin: Frequently written with the character “凛,” suggesting both a sharp, dignified feel and a refreshing impression.
In Japan, the naming of dogs often reflects elements of nature, seasons, or the wishes and emotions of the owner, with a preference for short and smooth-sounding names. On the other hand, in the US, names inspired by human names or pop culture are popular. There’s a rich variety of names chosen that play into the syllables and pronunciations of the English language. These differences can be attributed to the distinct cultures, languages, and values of each country.
10 Most Popular Dog Breeds in Japan
The way Japanese people choose dog breeds has its own unique tendencies and background, greatly influenced by living conditions, cultural values, and historical contexts.
In urban areas of Japan, living spaces are often limited. As a result, smaller dog breeds, such as Shih Tzus, Toy Poodles, and Dachshunds, are particularly popular. Their size and temperament make them well-suited for apartment or condo living, making them a preferred choice among many households.
Furthermore, in Japanese culture, there’s a prevailing sentiment of treasuring dogs as cherished members of the family. For this reason, breeds with gentle temperaments that easily bond with families are especially favored.
Next, we’ll delve into popular dog breeds in Japan.
Chihuahua
| Category | Chihuahua |
| Group | Toy (AKC, FCI) |
| Height | 5-8 inches |
| Weight | Up to 6 lbs |
| Coat Color | Any color – Solid, marked or splashed |
| Average Lifespan | 14-17 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Lively, Confident |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder, lineage, and coat type) |
The reason Chihuahuas, originally from Mexico, are incredibly popular in Japan lies in their petite size paired with their immense affection.
Despite their small stature, Chihuahuas are brimming with love, passion, and loyalty, forming deep bonds with their families. Their compact size is ideal for the urban lifestyle in Japan, making them convenient companions for traveling and moving around.
Intelligent by nature, Chihuahuas are relatively easy to train, but early socialization is crucial. Encouraging interactions with various environments, other dog breeds, and people helps shape their well-rounded character.
Being a breed that craves affection, they require an owner who can spend quality time with them and a safe space to play. Their adorable appearance, friendly nature, and suitability for urban living are the key reasons behind their popularity in Japan.
Toy Poodle
| Category | Toy Poodle |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | Up to 10 inches |
| Weight | 4-6 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors including black, blue, silver, gray, cream, apricot, red, white, brown, café-au-lait |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Intelligent, Active, Alert |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $3,000 (varies based on breeder, lineage, and coat color) |
Toy poodles have captured the hearts of many people with their fluffy curly hair, intelligent expression, and graceful movements. Their beautiful appearance and smartness, as well as their sociable personality, help them bond with their families.
Japan has a culture that values beauty and harmony since ancient times. It is a culture that balances elegance and tranquility, as seen in tea ceremony, flower arrangement, and traditional dance and theater. The elegance and intelligence of toy poodles match perfectly with this Japanese traditional aesthetic sense.
For Japanese people who have an urban lifestyle, toy poodles are ideal pets because they are small but sociable and adaptable. They can be kept in apartments or condominiums without any problem. Also, the culture of dog sports and grooming that utilizes their intelligence boosts the popularity of toy poodles in Japan.
In summary, the unique charm of toy poodles and the Japanese aesthetic sense and lifestyle are exquisitely linked, and that is why they are so popular in Japan.
Shih Tzu
| Category | Shih Tzu |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 9-10.5 inches |
| Weight | 9-16 lbs |
| Coat Color | All colors and markings are permissible |
| Average Lifespan | 10-16 years |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Playful, Outgoing |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
Originally bred for Tibetan royalty, Shih Tzus are recognized for their luxurious long coats and distinctive facial features. Weighing in at around 8.8 to 16.5 pounds, their small size makes them a perfect fit for Japanese households. In Japan, where there’s a strong emphasis on the beauty and cleanliness of pets, the Shih Tzu’s well-maintained, straight, and long coat earns them widespread admiration.
When it comes to personality, Shih Tzus are calm and approachable, often noted for their exceptional kindness towards children and seniors. They value their relationships with all family members, displaying loyalty and affection. This makes them a great match for the family-oriented culture in Japan.
It’s their stunning coats and devotion to family that have kept Shih Tzus endearing to the Japanese for years.
Dachshund
| Category | Dachshund |
| Group | Hound (AKC), Scent hounds (FCI) |
| Height | Standard: 8-9 inches at the shoulder
Miniature: 5-6 inches at the shoulder |
| Weight | Standard: 16-32 lbs
Miniature: Up to 11 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors including black, tan, chocolate, blue, fawn, cream; can be solid, dappled, brindle or piebald. |
| Average Lifespan | 12-16 years |
| Temperament | Playful, Curious, Stubborn |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder, lineage, coat type, and color) |
Dachshunds, with their distinct long bodies and short legs, are a beloved breed among many. Originally bred in Germany for hunting badgers and rabbits, they were designed to enter burrows. In Japan, the miniature variety is particularly popular, with its compact size making it well-suited for urban living.
Their coats come in three diverse types: smooth (short-haired), long-haired, and wire-haired. Each type offers its unique charm. Particularly in Japan, the smooth and long-haired variants are favored for their pleasing touch and visual appeal.
Dachshunds are known for their lively and curious nature, paired with intense loyalty. They can be a bit stubborn, but this trait is often endearingly seen as part of their character. Their deep, devoted love for their families and owners holds significant value in Japanese households.
Their unique physique, variety of coats, and affectionate demeanor make Dachshunds a cherished companion in Japanese homes.
Pomeranian
| Category | Pomeranian |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 6-7 inches |
| Weight | 3-7 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors including black, blue, chocolate, cream, orange, sable, red, silver, blue merle, among others. |
| Average Lifespan | 12-16 years |
| Temperament | Lively, Bold, Inquisitive |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $4,000 (varies based on breeder, lineage, and coat color) |
Pomeranians are highly popular for their petite size, abundant fur, and lively character. Originally, they served as working dogs in cold regions, with their thick double coat providing protection against the chilly weather. However, in modern-day Japan, they are primarily adored as pets.
With a weight range of about 3.3 to 7.7 pounds, their compact size fits perfectly within Japan’s smaller living spaces. Moreover, with proper care, their fluffy coat can maintain a stunning appearance.
In terms of personality, Pomeranians are energetic and highly curious. At a glance, they exude a regal air, yet they remain incredibly endearing. Seeing their world centered around their families, they exhibit deep affection and loyalty to their owners and family members.
The reasons for the Pomeranian’s popularity in Japan lie in their adorable appearance, ideal size, and loving nature. All these factors combined have endeared them to many households.
Maltese
| Category | Maltese |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 7-9 inches |
| Weight | Up to 7 lbs |
| Coat Color | White |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Gentle, Playful |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $5,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
Maltese are known as small dogs with pure white and silky smooth hair. They have a history of being loved in the Mediterranean region, and they are loved by many people around the world for their beauty and adorable personality. In Japan, they are also appreciated for their beauty and character, and they are kept in many households.
This breed is small, and the adult weight is about 2.5 to 4 kg. Their compact size is suitable for the housing environment and condominium life in urban areas of Japan.
Their biggest feature is, of course, their beautiful hair quality. With proper care, you can keep them fluffy for a long time.
In terms of personality, Maltese are very bright and affectionate. They have a slightly shy side, but once they build a bond with their family, their loyalty becomes very strong.
The popularity of Maltese in Japan can be attributed to their beautiful appearance, affectionate personality, and easy-to-handle size.
Yorkshire Terrier
| Category | Yorkshire Terrier |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 7-8 inches |
| Weight | 4-7 lbs |
| Coat Color | Blue and tan |
| Average Lifespan | 11-15 years |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Sprightly, Tomboyish |
| Price (in the US) | $1,200 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Yorkshire Terrier, often recognized by its fine, delicate coat and a courageous personality that seems larger than its small stature, has roots in England’s Yorkshire region. Originally bred for catching rats, its charming appearance and spirited nature later skyrocketed its popularity as a pet, winning hearts worldwide. In Japan too, the breed’s distinctive hair texture and lively character have made it a favored choice for many households.
An adult Yorkshire Terrier typically weighs between 4.4 and 7.7 pounds. Despite its petite frame, its hair can grow long and, with proper care, can maintain a beautifully flowing appearance. Its size, ideal for urban living in Japan, coupled with its well-groomed coat, is greatly appreciated by many Japanese seeking aesthetic beauty in a pet.
In terms of temperament, the Yorkshire Terrier is bold and curious, belying its small size. Their vivacious nature, combined with profound affection for their owners and families, fosters such deep bonds that they display an unwavering loyalty once a connection is established.
The Yorkshire Terrier’s popularity in Japan can be attributed to its stunning coat, compact size, and a spirited yet affectionate temperament.
Papillon
| Category | Papillon |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 8-11 inches |
| Weight | 5-10 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors on a white base |
| Average Lifespan | 14-16 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Friendly, Intelligent |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $3,000 |
The Papillon, as its name suggests, is a small dog breed distinguished by its butterfly-like ears. The name “Papillon,” which means “butterfly” in French, stems from the shape of its ears, which stand as its most defining feature. This breed is known for its vivacity, intelligence, and exceptionally friendly nature, earning it popularity as a pet in many countries. In Japan, both its beautiful appearance and its affinity for human interaction are highly esteemed.
An adult Papillon usually weighs between 6.6 to 11 pounds, making it an ideal size for urban living. Its compact physique, coupled with its delicate yet relatively easy-to-maintain coat, aligns perfectly with the pet culture in Japan.
In terms of temperament, the Papillon is renowned for its intelligence, exhibiting a quickness to learn tricks and commands. This cerebral side, combined with its deep affection for its family and owners, contributes to its popularity in Japanese households.
The reasons behind the Papillon’s cherished status in Japan include its elegant appearance, its smart and affectionate nature, and the ease of care it requires.
Bichon Frise
| Category | Bichon Frise |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 9.5-11.5 inches |
| Weight | 12-18 lbs |
| Coat Color | White |
| Average Lifespan | 14-15 years |
| Temperament | Playful, Curious, Peppy |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Bichon Frise is adored by many for its fluffy white coat and its bright, sociable nature. Despite its petite stature, this breed brims with energy and easily bonds with families and other animals. Its size and temperament are perfectly suited for urban living and condominium lifestyles in Japan, earning the appreciation of numerous pet enthusiasts.
Adult Bichon Frises typically weigh between 5 and 10 kilograms. Their small frames boast a dense coat, which, with proper care, can maintain its exquisite beauty. In Japan, where there’s a high interest in pet grooming and care, the Bichon Frise’s stunning coat perfectly aligns with this trend.
Character-wise, Bichon Frises are incredibly friendly. They get along splendidly with family members, children, and other pets. Their affable nature combined with their deep affection for their owners makes them an ideal family companion.
The Bichon Frise’s popularity in Japan can be attributed to its manageable size, beautiful coat, and cheerful, sociable demeanor.
Miniature Schnauzer
| Category | Miniature Schnauzer |
| Group | Terrier (AKC), Terriers (FCI) |
| Height | 12-14 inches |
| Weight | 11-20 lbs |
| Coat Color | Salt & pepper, black & silver, black |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Friendly, Smart, Obedient |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $2,700 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Miniature Schnauzer is a small breed, instantly recognizable by its distinct beard, bushy eyebrows, and wiry coat. Originally bred in Germany as a rat catcher and guardian, its vigilant, lively, and intelligent nature aligns perfectly with urban living in Japan.
Adults typically weigh between 5 to 8 kilograms, making them a fitting size for city life. While their coarse coat demands regular grooming, a notable perk is its minimal shedding – a feature especially appreciated by owners, particularly in the context of Japanese housing and lifestyle.
In terms of temperament, Miniature Schnauzers are fiercely loyal, showcasing profound affection towards their families and owners. Their heightened alertness and moderate protective instincts also earn them trust as reliable guardians of the household.
The Miniature Schnauzer’s popularity in Japan can be attributed to its manageable size, distinctive and appealing appearance, and its protective, family-oriented nature.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
| Category | Cavalier King Charles Spaniel |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 12-13 inches |
| Weight | 13-18 lbs |
| Coat Color | Blenheim (chestnut & white), tricolor (black/white/tan), ruby (solid red), black & tan |
| Average Lifespan | 9-14 years |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Gentle, Graceful |
| Price (in the US) | $1,800 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, affectionately known as the “Cavalier,” captivates hearts worldwide with its endearing looks and warm disposition. In Japan, the breed’s popularity is on the rise, becoming a beloved member in many households.
While classified as a medium-sized dog, the Cavalier typically weighs between 5 to 8 kilograms, making it well-suited for apartment and condo living. Its soft and lustrous coat requires consistent care; daily brushing not only maintains its beauty but also strengthens the unique bond between pet and owner.
Furthermore, this breed is exceptionally friendly, harmonizing well with other animals and people alike. They especially resonate with children, their playful antics providing a dose of daily joy for families.
In Japan, the Cavalier’s allure lies not only in its charming appearance but also in its sociable and heartwarming nature.
Boston Terrier
| Category | Boston Terrier |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 15-17 inches |
| Weight | 12-25 lbs |
| Coat Color | Brindle, seal, or black with white markings |
| Average Lifespan | 11-13 years |
| Temperament | Friendly, Bright, Amusing |
| Price (in the US) | $800 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Boston Terrier, with its captivating tuxedo-like markings and large, endearing eyes, is a charming breed. This small dog, while energetic, easily adapts to indoor living and its short coat makes for effortless grooming.
In urban areas of Japan, where living space can be limited, there’s a demand for manageable small-sized dogs. The Boston Terrier perfectly meets this need, earning the affection of many Japanese residents. Moreover, the cultural ethos in Japan views pets as integral family members. Given this, the Boston Terrier’s sociable and approachable nature makes it a beloved companion for every family member.
In conclusion, the inherent traits of the Boston Terrier, combined with Japan’s living conditions and culture, contribute to the breed’s soaring popularity in the country.
French Bulldog
| Category | French Bulldog |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 11-12 inches |
| Weight | 16-28 lbs |
| Coat Color | Brindle, fawn, white, and combinations of brindle or fawn & white |
| Average Lifespan | 10-12 years |
| Temperament | Adaptable, Playful, Smart |
| Price (in the US) | $1,500 – $3,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage, with some premium lines fetching higher prices) |
The French Bulldog, known for its robust physique, large ears, and adorable expression, is a small-sized breed. With their lively and affectionate nature, coupled with a hearty disposition, they command a significant presence within families.
In urban areas of Japan, especially in cities like Tokyo and Osaka where compact living spaces are common, there’s a preference for smaller dogs that don’t require much room. The French Bulldog, with its compact size and contentment with moderate exercise, fits seamlessly into city living. As a result, it’s become a popular choice among Japanese residents as an ideal breed for apartment and condo living.
Moreover, in Japanese pet culture, there’s a strong emphasis on forging deep bonds and communication with dogs. French Bulldogs are known for being incredibly friendly and forming tight-knit bonds with their owners, further bolstering their popularity in Japan.
In essence, the endearing traits of the French Bulldog combined with its compatibility with Japan’s urban lifestyle have led to its soaring popularity in the country.
Italian Greyhound
| Category | Italian Greyhound |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Sighthounds (FCI) |
| Height | 13-15 inches |
| Weight | 7-14 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors including fawn, blue, black, and tan; can be solid or with white markings |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Playful, Affectionate, Sensitive |
| Price (in the US) | $1,200 – $5,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Italian Greyhound is a small dog breed, notable for its slender, elegant build and smooth coat. While originally used as hunting dogs, their poised stance and delicate temperament have also made them highly sought-after as luxury pets.
In Japan, there’s a long-standing appreciation for delicate aesthetics and the spirit of “wa” (harmony). The refined and delicate allure of the Italian Greyhound resonates perfectly with this unique Japanese sense of beauty and culture, making them deeply cherished among many Japanese individuals.
Furthermore, urban living in Japan often comes with limited space, and the compact size of the Italian Greyhound is ideal for city life. Given their quiet and reserved nature, they are perfectly suited for apartment or condo living without any issues.
It’s the harmonious blend of Japan’s distinctive culture and urban lifestyle with the elegant and delicate traits of the Italian Greyhound that shapes their popularity in the country.
Pekingese
| Category | Pekingese |
| Group | Toy (AKC & FCI) |
| Height | 6-9 inches |
| Weight | 7-14 lbs |
| Coat Color | Fawn, black & tan, cream, grey, sable, brindle, and combinations thereof |
| Average Lifespan | 12-14 years |
| Temperament | Loyal, Affectionate, Regal |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $5,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Pekingese is a small dog breed, distinguished by its abundant fur, short snout, and round eyes. With a history of being adored by ancient Chinese royalty and nobility, this breed is known for its regal and somewhat aloof demeanor.
Given Japan’s deep cultural exchanges with China throughout history, breeds like the Pekingese that bear traditional elements naturally find a receptive audience. Furthermore, Japan’s classical sense of beauty and the national affection for smaller things align perfectly with the diminutive and endearing stature of the Pekingese.
Its compact size, suitable even for smaller urban residences, combined with its relatively calm nature, makes it a fitting choice for city lifestyles. In Japanese households, the Pekingese, with its unique appearance and historical significance, is often treated as an especially cherished companion.
It’s the blend of the Pekingese’s traditional allure and its harmony with Japanese culture and living conditions that heightens its popularity within the country.
Brussels Griffon
| Category | Brussels Griffon |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 7-10 inches |
| Weight | 7-12 lbs |
| Coat Color | Red, belge (mix of black and reddish-brown), black & tan, or solid black |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Curious, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $3,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Brussels Griffon is a small dog breed known for its friendly eyes and a large personality that belies its diminutive size. Often likened to a “stuffed toy” due to its fur texture and adorable appearance, this breed is renowned for forming deep bonds with its family.
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In Japan, there’s a term called “Kimokawa,” which translates to “weirdly cute.” The distinct look of the Brussels Griffon fits seamlessly into this “Kimokawa” culture, gaining significant popularity, especially among the younger generation. Moreover, in Japan’s urban areas, there’s a preference for smaller, easy-to-manage pets, making the Griffon’s petite size and sociable nature ideal for city living.
Additionally, the younger generation, influenced by Japanese pop culture like anime and manga, often finds themselves particularly drawn to the character-like appearance of the Brussels Griffon.
It’s the unique blend of Japan’s distinct culture and the captivating traits of the Brussels Griffon that have paved the way for the breed’s popularity in the country.
Lhasa Apso
| Category | Lhasa Apso |
| Group | Non-Sporting (AKC), Utility (KC), Companion and Toy dogs (FCI) |
| Height | 10-11 inches |
| Weight | 12-18 lbs |
| Coat Color | Various colors including gold, cream, and honey; grizzle, slate, smoke, black, white, and brown |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Confident, Independent |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $5,000 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Lhasa Apso, originally bred in the highlands of Tibet, is characterized by its long coat and small stature. Historically, they served roles both as temple guards and cherished family companions, recognized for their calm demeanor and distinct vocalizations.
In Japanese homes, it’s customary to keep interiors warm during the cold winter months. The Lhasa Apso’s thick fur is exceptionally well-suited for such indoor climates. As Japanese family structures trend towards nuclear units, the Lhasa’s deep affection for its family members is widely cherished.
Furthermore, Japan’s tradition of meticulous handcrafting and dedication to detailed work resonates with the care and grooming required for the Lhasa’s coat. Through careful grooming, the Lhasa Apso’s beauty can be enhanced, showcasing its allure to the fullest.
Thus, the interplay between Japan’s living conditions, cultural nuances, and the Lhasa Apso’s traits have solidified the breed’s enduring popularity in the country.
Miniature Pinscher
| Category | Miniature Pinscher |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Pinscher and Schnauzer – Molossoid and Swiss Mountain (FCI) |
| Height | 10-12.5 inches |
| Weight | 8-12 lbs |
| Coat Color | Black with rust markings, chocolate with tan markings, or solid red |
| Average Lifespan | 12-16 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Fearless, Energetic |
| Price (in the US) | $500 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Miniature Pinscher, with its slender, aerodynamic frame and alert eyes, is a distinctive small breed. Often dubbed the “tiny Doberman,” this breed exudes a strong presence in the family, thanks to its lively and inquisitive nature.
The Miniature Pinscher, with its sleek, slender frame and alert gaze, is a striking small breed. Often dubbed the “mini Doberman,” this breed exudes an energetic and inquisitive nature, standing out even within the family unit.
Japanese traditional values celebrate strength and courage of heart over physical stature or might, as exemplified by the samurai code and the petite heroes often depicted in anime and manga. The Miniature Pinscher’s small yet brave character resonates well with these ideals.
Considering urban housing constraints, many households prefer pets suitable for tight spaces. With its compact size, the Miniature Pinscher fits seamlessly into apartment or condo living.
In everyday life, this little guardian will undoubtedly make its presence felt, standing as a steadfast protector of the family.
Australian Silky Terrier
| Category | Australian Silky Terrier |
| Group | Toy (AKC), Terrier (FCI, ANKC) |
| Height | 9-10 inches |
| Weight | 8-10 lbs |
| Coat Color | Blue and tan |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Friendly, Quick |
| Price (in the US) | $1,000 – $2,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Australian Silky Terrier is a breed recognized by its lustrous, smooth long hair and petite stature. Energetic, sociable, and loyal, its striking coat is a particular point of admiration.
Japan has a heightened aesthetic sense, with a deeply-rooted culture that appreciates beauty and sophistication. This is evident from traditional attire like kimonos and serene Japanese gardens, to contemporary fashion and design trends. The exquisite appearance of the Australian Silky Terrier resonates well with this Japanese pursuit of beauty.
Additionally, in urban apartments and condos, there’s a preference for smaller, manageable pets. The size and temperament of the Silky Terrier align seamlessly with Japan’s housing situations.
Thus, the harmonious blend of Japan’s aesthetic values, living conditions, and the intrinsic characteristics of the Australian Silky Terrier reinforce the breed’s popularity in the country.
Norfolk Terrier
| Category | Norfolk Terrier |
| Group | Terrier (AKC, FCI, KC) |
| Height | 9-10 inches |
| Weight | 11-12 lbs |
| Coat Color | Red, wheaten, black and tan, or grizzle |
| Average Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Temperament | Alert, Fearless, Loyal |
| Price (in the US) | $1,500 – $4,500 (varies based on breeder and lineage) |
The Norfolk Terrier is known for its petite frame paired with an upbeat disposition. It’s characterized by short legs, erect ears, and a lively wagging tail, embodying an energetic and affectionate nature.
In Japan, there’s a deep-rooted affection and admiration for things that are small yet strong, or diminutive but endearing. The boundless energy and love emanating from the Norfolk Terrier align perfectly with these Japanese sentiments.
Moreover, considering the housing conditions in Japan’s urban areas, there’s a preference for smaller dogs due to space constraints. The Norfolk Terrier, with its compact size and adaptability, seamlessly fits into the urban lifestyle.
In essence, the lively and loving nature of the Norfolk Terrier, combined with Japanese culture and living conditions, mutually reinforce each other, elevating the breed’s popularity.
Wrap Up: Japanese Dog Breeds
Just like in the US, Japan tends to favor dog breeds that align with their lifestyles. Breeds like Toy Poodles, French Bulldogs, and Chihuahuas are popular because they fit well with the compact living spaces and urban lifestyles common in Japanese cities.
While urban areas in the US also show a preference for smaller dogs due to space constraints, it’s especially pronounced in Japan, where living spaces are often more limited.